Tonsillitis

What Is Tonsillitis?

Tonsillitis is a condition that occurs when the tonsils, located at the back of the throat, become inflamed due to infection. As part of the body’s immune system, tonsils help fight germs by producing antibodies. However, they can sometimes become overwhelmed by viruses or bacteria, resulting in painful swollen tonsils and discomfort.

Types of Tonsillitis

There are two main types of tonsillitis:

• Acute tonsillitis – a one-time or short-term infection of the tonsils
• Recurrent tonsillitis – repeated episodes of tonsil infection over time

Common Causes of Tonsillitis

In most cases, tonsillitis is caused by a viral infection. Common cold viruses are typically responsible. However, a bacterial infection, particularly by Streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep), can also lead to tonsillitis. When this occurs, it is often referred to as strep throat.

Tonsillitis Symptoms to Look Out For

Tonsillitis can affect both children and adults, and symptoms may vary depending on the cause and severity. Common signs include:

• Sore throat
• Pain or difficulty when swallowing
• Swollen lymph nodes or glands in the neck or jaw
• White patches or pus on the tonsils
• Fever and chills
• Headache
• Hoarseness or loss of voice
• Abdominal pain (especially in children)

If these symptoms persist or worsen, it’s best to consult a doctor.

How Is Tonsillitis Diagnosed?

To diagnose tonsillitis, your doctor may:

• Perform a throat swab to check for streptococcal bacteria
• Order a complete blood count (CBC) to assess whether the infection is viral or bacterial

The diagnosis will help guide the best course of action to treat tonsillitis.

Effective Treatments for Tonsillitis

The treatment plan depends on whether the infection is viral or bacterial and how severe the symptoms are.

1. Home Care for Viral Tonsillitis

If your tonsillitis is caused by a virus, antibiotics are not effective. Supportive care at home is usually recommended, including:

• Staying hydrated
• Resting the voice and body
• Taking over-the-counter pain relievers as needed
• Using warm salt water gargles to ease throat pain
• Sucking on throat lozenges to soothe irritation

2. Antibiotics for Bacterial Tonsillitis

If a bacterial infection (such as strep throat) is confirmed, your doctor may prescribe a course of antibiotics. In some cases—especially in children who have trouble swallowing—antibiotics may be administered by injection.

3. Tonsillectomy (Tonsil Removal Surgery)

For patients who suffer from frequent or severe tonsillitis that doesn’t respond to medication, a surgical procedure called tonsillectomy may be recommended. This involves the complete removal of the tonsils and is typically done under general anaesthesia.

Tonsillectomy is usually considered when:

• Tonsillitis occurs repeatedly (5+ times a year)
• The condition disrupts sleep (obstructive sleep apnea) or daily life
• There are complications like abscesses or breathing issues

When to See a Doctor

If you or your child experiences persistent sore throat, difficulty breathing and swallowing, or recurring episodes of chronic tonsillitis, it’s important to seek medical advice. Early diagnosis and tonsillitis treatment can help prevent complications and ensure a faster recovery.

Book an Appointment with Pantai Hospital Laguna Merbok

At Pantai Hospital Laguna Merbok, our experienced ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat) specialists offer comprehensive care for tonsillitis and other throat conditions. We’re here to provide accurate diagnosis, personalised treatment, and compassionate support every step of the way.