Ovarian
Cancer

Understanding Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the ovaries, the female reproductive organs responsible for producing eggs and hormones. This cancer often goes undetected until it has progressed to advanced stages.

Types of Ovarian Cancer

There are several types of ovarian cancer, with epithelial ovarian cancer being the most common. Other types include germ cell tumors and stromal tumors.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Recognising the symptoms of ovarian cancer is vital for early intervention. Common symptoms include:

• Abdominal pain, discomfort, or bloating
• Pelvic pain
• Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly
• Frequent urination
• Bowel changes such as diarrhea or constipation

Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

Understanding the risk factors associated with ovarian cancer is crucial for prevention and early detection. Risk factors include:

• Age
• Family history of ovarian cancer
• Inherited genes – BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes increase the risk of ovarian cancer

Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

Diagnosing ovarian cancer typically involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, imaging tests (such as ultrasound and CT scans), blood tests (CA-125), and biopsy.

Treatment for Ovarian Cancer

It depends on various factors, including the type and stage of cancer, the patient's overall health, and preferences. Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. In some cases, a combination of these approaches is recommended.