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Vaginal infections are common among women, with two of the most prevalent being yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis (BV). These conditions may appear similar but are caused by different types of microorganisms. Understanding their differences is vital to ensuring proper treatment and maintaining good vaginal health.
Yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of the Candida fungus, while BV is due to an imbalance of bacteria. Both infections can lead to discomfort, but their treatments vary. This article will help you identify the symptoms, causes, and treatments for each, ensuring you receive the right care only at Pantai Hospitals.
A vaginal yeast infection is caused by an overgrowth of Candida species, particularly Candida albicans. This yeast is a normal part of the vaginal flora but can multiply when the balance of microorganisms in the vagina is disturbed.
Hormonal fluctuations due to pregnancy, menstruation, or the use of birth control pills can trigger a yeast infection. These changes alter the vaginal environment, making it more favourable for yeast growth.
Antibiotics that are prescribed to treat bacterial infections can disrupt the natural bacterial balance in the vagina. This may allow yeast to grow uncontrollably, leading to infection.
Women with weakened immune systems, such as those with diabetes or HIV, are more susceptible to yeast infections. These conditions reduce the body’s ability to control the growth of the yeast.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) occurs when the balance of bacteria in the vagina shifts, causing an imbalance. BV is the most common vaginal infection among women of reproductive age.
Though not an STI, BV is more common in sexually active women. Having multiple sexual partners or a new partner can increase the likelihood of developing BV.
Douching disrupts the natural bacteria in the vagina, increasing the risk of BV. It removes essential bacteria that help protect against harmful microbes.
Some contraceptives, such as intrauterine devices (IUDs), can increase the risk of developing BV. These devices alter the vaginal environment, making it more susceptible to bacterial imbalances.
Both yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis are diagnosed through a series of tests. The correct diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
A doctor may conduct a physical examination and check for signs of infection. They will ask about symptoms, medical history, and any recent lifestyle changes.
A swab of vaginal discharge is obtained for laboratory analysis. This allows the doctor to identify the presence of yeast cells for yeast infections or harmful bacteria for BV. A wet mount test or pH testing can help confirm the diagnosis of BV. Adding potassium hydroxide (KOH) to a vaginal sample may release a fishy odour, confirming BV.
These tests help differentiate between the two infections, ensuring that the correct treatment is provided.
Untreated yeast infections and BV can lead to complications that affect your overall health.
While yeast infections are rarely serious, untreated cases may become chronic. Recurring infections can cause persistent discomfort and increase the risk of further health complications, including urinary tract infections (UTIs).
If left untreated, BV can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which may cause infertility. Additionally, untreated BV increases the risk of contracting other sexually transmitted infections.
Preventing yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis is possible through healthy habits and lifestyle choices.
Wear breathable cotton underwear and avoid tight clothing that traps moisture. Always wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent bacteria from entering the vaginal area. Avoid scented soaps and douches, as they can irritate the vaginal area and disrupt the natural balance of bacteria.
Avoid douching, which can remove beneficial bacteria from the vagina. Using condoms during sexual activity can also reduce the risk of BV by limiting exposure to harmful bacteria. If you are prone to recurrent BV, consider discussing preventive measures with your doctor.
Maintaining a healthy vaginal flora and adopting good hygiene practices can significantly reduce your risk of developing either infection.
Yes, yeast infections and BV can be treated simultaneously. Your healthcare provider will prescribe the appropriate treatments for both conditions to ensure effective relief.
While BV itself does not directly cause infertility, it can lead to serious complications like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can affect fertility. Timely treatment of BV reduces these risks.
You should see a doctor if you experience recurrent vaginal infections or symptoms that do not improve with treatment. Regular visits to your healthcare provider can help identify underlying causes.
If you are experiencing symptoms of a vaginal infection such as unusual discharge, itching, or discomfort, it is crucial to seek professional advice from a healthcare provider. Whether you are dealing with a vaginal yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis (BV), early consultation can help you understand the best treatment options for your condition. At Pantai Hospitals, our experienced gynaecologists are here to provide expert care and guide you through your treatment journey.
If you have concerns about vaginal health, contact us today to schedule an appointment at your nearest Pantai Hospitals. Our expert team will offer personalised advice on your symptoms and help you determine the most effective course of action. Book an appointment with our gynaecology clinic today and take the first step toward improving your vaginal health.
Pantai Hospitals have been accredited by the Malaysian Society for Quality in Health (MSQH) for its commitment to patient safety and service quality.
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