1. PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) and PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) are both strategies to prevent HIV infection, but they are used in different situations:- PEP is taken after a potential exposure to HIV, such as unprotected sex or needle sharing. It involves taking antiretroviral medications for a month to reduce the risk of HIV infection.- PrEP is taken before potential exposure to HIV, for example, by individuals who are at high risk of contracting HIV. It involves taking a daily pill containing antiretroviral medications to prevent HIV infection.As a general guideline, PEP is used in emergency situations after a potential exposure to HIV, whereas PrEP is used as a preventive measure for individuals at ongoing risk of HIV infection.2. In Malaysia, drugs used to treat HIV are an important component of the comprehensive care and management of HIV/AIDS. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the main treatment for HIV in Malaysia, and it aims to suppress the viral load in HIV-positive individuals, improve their immune function, and reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others. The Malaysian government provides free or subsidized access to ART through public health facilities to ensure that all HIV-positive individuals have access to treatment.3. The side effects of antiretroviral medications used to treat HIV can vary depending on the specific drug and individual tolerance. Some common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, rash, and headache..It is crucial to balance the benefits of HIV treatment with managing any side effects to ensure optimal health outcomes for patients.