Long COVID: Post-COVID symptoms

What is Covid-19?

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is an infectious disease that primarily affects the respiratory system. While most people experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment, some individuals, particularly older adults and those with underlying health conditions like heart disease, diabetes, or respiratory disorders, may become severely ill. Anyone, regardless of age, can contract the virus and face serious health risks. To prevent transmission, it is crucial to stay informed about the virus and how it spreads.

What are the Most Common Post-COVID Symptoms?

Long COVID, or post-COVID conditions, includes symptoms that persist weeks or months after recovering from the initial infection. These symptoms can vary in severity and duration.

Common symptoms include:

Extreme fatigue (does not improve with rest).
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
"Brain fog" (problems with memory and concentration).
Muscle and joint pain.
Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat.

These symptoms may last for weeks, months, or even years. While those who had severe COVID-19 infections are at higher risk, even people with mild or asymptomatic cases can experience Long COVID. Researchers believe it could be due to lingering viral particles, an overactive immune response, or other unknown factors.

Why do Some Individuals Experience Persistent Symptoms After COVID-19 Recovery?

Not everyone who recovers from COVID-19 experiences lingering symptoms, but the following factors may increase the risk of developing Long COVID:

Higher risk groups:

People with severe COVID-19 infections, especially those hospitalised.
Individuals with pre-existing health conditions like diabetes, obesity, or high blood pressure.
Older adults and women are statistically more prone to Long COVID.

Possible causes:

Immune response: An overactive immune system may mistakenly attack healthy tissues.
Viral remnants: Fragments of the virus might remain in the body, causing ongoing symptoms.
Chronic inflammation: The body’s prolonged inflammatory response could lead to long-term effects.

While many recover fully from COVID-19, some experience persistent symptoms known as Long COVID. Factors increasing this risk include severe initial infections, pre-existing conditions like diabetes and obesity, and older age or female sex. Possible causes include an overactive immune system attacking healthy tissues, lingering viral fragments, and chronic inflammation within the body

How to Treat Long COVID Symptoms ?

Managing and treating Long COVID symptoms requires a personalised and multi-faceted approach. While there is no one-size-fits-all solution, healthcare professionals and patients can focus on the following strategies:

Symptom-Targeted Treatments:

Medications for specific symptoms like shortness of breath, pain, or sleep disturbances.
Breathing exercises to improve lung function and manage fatigue.

Rehabilitation Programs:

Physical therapy to rebuild strength and stamina.
Gradual exercise routines tailored to individual capabilities to avoid overexertion.

Mental Health and Cognitive Support:

Counseling or therapy for managing anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress.
Cognitive exercises and memory aids to address "brain fog".

Lifestyle Modifications:

Prioritising rest and pacing daily activities to avoid worsening symptoms.
A balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods to support recovery.

Holistic and Multidisciplinary Care:

Collaboration with specialists, including cardiologists, pulmonologists, and neurologists, ensures comprehensive care.
Long COVID clinics offering tailored programs are becoming more widely available.

Book an Appointment at Pantai Hospitals

Long COVID can significantly impact daily life, but understanding its symptoms, causes, and treatment options is the first step toward recovery. By addressing each symptom with a personalised, multidisciplinary approach, patients can regain their quality of life. Early intervention and consistent management are key to navigating the complexities of Long COVID effectively.

If you are struggling with persistent symptoms after recovering from COVID-19, it is essential to seek professional medical care. Pantai Hospitals offers comprehensive Long COVID treatment programs led by experienced specialists, including pulmonologists, cardiologists, and rehabilitation therapists. With state-of-the-art facilities and a patient-centered approach, Pantai Hospitals ensures you receive the best care tailored to your needs. You may book an appointment via our website or download the MyHealth360 app from the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.

Pantai Hospitals have been accredited by the Malaysian Society for Quality in Health (MSQH) for its commitment to patient safety and service quality.