Allergy & Immunology

Allergy and immunology are medical specialties that focus on the diagnosis and treatment of allergies, autoimmune disorders, and other conditions that affect the body's immune system. Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to substances that are usually harmless, such as pollen, food, or animal dander. Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues in the body.

Common conditions treated by specialists in allergy and immunology include:

• Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
• Food allergies
• Eczema (atopic dermatitis)
• Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction)
• Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis

Diagnostic tests, such as skin prick tests or blood tests, can help identify the substances causing an allergy or autoimmune disorder. Treatments may include allergen avoidance, medications, and immunotherapy.